Ethereum’s Fusaka Upgrade Launches on Hoodi Testnet, Aiming for December Scalability Boost

• Fusaka introduces EIP-7594 for Peer Data Availability Sampling, allowing validators to process smaller data portions from layer 2 networks, improving efficiency.

• The upgrade includes EIP-7825 and EIP-7935 to increase gas limits and optimize performance ahead of parallel execution.

• With Ether reaching all-time highs in 2025 due to ETF inflows and corporate adoption, Fusaka supports Ethereum’s roadmap for better scalability.

Ethereum Fusaka upgrade launches on Hoodi testnet, boosting scalability and security for mainnet. Discover EIPs enhancing efficiency and node performance—stay ahead in crypto evolution.

What is the Ethereum Fusaka Upgrade?

The Ethereum Fusaka upgrade represents the blockchain’s next significant evolution, focusing on scalability and security enhancements through a series of Ethereum Improvement Proposals. Set for mainnet activation on December 3, 2025, it builds on previous updates like Pectra by introducing innovations such as Peer Data Availability Sampling via EIP-7594. This allows validators to sample smaller data segments from layer 2 solutions, reducing the computational load on nodes and making the network more efficient overall.

The upgrade process began with a successful deployment on the Hoodi testnet, Ethereum’s final testing environment before mainnet rollout. Developers and validators, including those using the Nethermind client, reported a smooth fork execution, marking a key milestone. Fusaka is part of the broader “Surge” phase in Ethereum’s technical roadmap, aimed at addressing long-standing scalability challenges while preserving the network’s core principles of decentralization and security.

Nethermind, a prominent Ethereum development firm, confirmed the testnet success in a recent announcement, stating, “Another smooth upgrade, another key milestone on the road to Fusaka.” This reflects the collaborative effort among core teams like Geth, Besu, and others to ensure compatibility and stability.

Ethereum’s Fusaka update has debuted on Hoodi, its final testnet, before it’s slated to bring several security and scalability improvements to the blockchain’s mainnet.

Ethereum’s next major upgrade, Fusaka, is now live on the blockchain’s final testnet, Hoodi, setting the stage for its Dec. 3 mainnet launch that is slated to add several scalability and security improvements to the network.

“Another smooth upgrade, another key milestone on the road to Fusaka,” Nethermind said in a post to X on Tuesday after its widely used validator client completed the fork.

Fusaka will add several Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), such as Peer Data Availability Sampling, or PeerDAS, via EIP-7594, enabling validators to read smaller pieces of data on layer 2 networks as opposed to full blobs, boosting node efficiency.

EIP-7825 and EIP-7935 are also included in the update, which aim to raise the gas limit and improve efficiency as Ethereum prepares to unlock parallel execution, the processing of multiple smart contracts at the same time. Other EIPs in the update focus on improving zero-knowledge rollups.

Source: Nethermind

The technical milestone comes amid a major leadership shake-up at the Ethereum Foundation in recent months, with several key contributors departing and criticizing the direction in which the foundation is steering the network.

Meanwhile, Ether (ETH) has hit an all-time high this year on the back of rising inflows into exchange-traded funds and increased corporate treasury adoption of the token.

How Does the Fusaka Upgrade Improve Ethereum Scalability?

The Fusaka upgrade targets Ethereum’s scalability, a critical component of the blockchain trilemma that balances decentralization, security, and throughput. By implementing PeerDAS through EIP-7594, validators can now access and verify data availability using samples rather than entire datasets, which significantly lowers the storage and bandwidth requirements for full nodes. This change is expected to support higher transaction volumes on layer 2 networks without compromising the main chain’s integrity.

According to data from Ethereum’s developer community, this sampling mechanism could reduce node resource demands by up to 50%, making it easier for more participants to run nodes and maintain decentralization. EIP-7825 proposes adjustments to the gas limit, allowing for more complex transactions per block, while EIP-7935 optimizes execution environments to prepare for parallel processing of smart contracts. These enhancements collectively aim to increase Ethereum’s throughput to thousands of transactions per second when combined with rollups.

Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum’s co-founder, has long emphasized the importance of such upgrades in discussions on the blockchain trilemma, noting in past writings that targeted improvements like these can resolve scalability bottlenecks without sacrificing other pillars. Additional EIPs in Fusaka refine zero-knowledge rollups, enabling faster and more private transaction finality, which is vital for enterprise adoption.

The upgrade is looking to improve Ethereum’s scalability, one third of the so-called “blockchain trilemma” coined by Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin that also includes decentralization and security.

Ethereum was designed to prioritize decentralization and security over scalability and several rival layer 1 blockchains, including Solana and Sui, have focused on scalability to offer faster transactions to compete with Ethereum.

The Fusaka hard fork comes around six months after Ethereum’s last major upgrade, Pectra, which focused on staking performance and wallet features for improved user interface and user experience.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Are the Key EIPs in the Ethereum Fusaka Upgrade?

The Ethereum Fusaka upgrade incorporates several EIPs, including EIP-7594 for Peer Data Availability Sampling, which enhances layer 2 data efficiency; EIP-7825 for gas limit increases; and EIP-7935 for execution optimizations. These proposals, developed by Ethereum’s core research teams, aim to boost network performance without altering consensus mechanisms, ensuring a seamless transition for users and developers.

When Will the Ethereum Fusaka Upgrade Launch on Mainnet?

Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade is scheduled for mainnet deployment on December 3, 2025, following successful testing on the Hoodi testnet. This timeline allows validators and node operators ample preparation time, with activation occurring in phases to minimize disruptions. The rollout supports Ethereum’s ongoing evolution toward greater scalability and security.

Key Takeaways

• Fusaka’s Testnet Success: The upgrade’s smooth deployment on Hoodi confirms readiness for mainnet, highlighting Ethereum’s robust development process.
• Scalability Enhancements: Through EIPs like PeerDAS, Fusaka addresses data availability challenges, potentially reducing node costs and increasing throughput.
• Roadmap Progression: Following Pectra, Fusaka advances the Surge phase, with Glamsterdam next in line for further innovations—consider monitoring updates for investment strategies.

Fusaka a three-part process

Execution of Fusaka will occur across three stages: first, the actual mainnet launch; second, the EIP implementing the blob capacity increase will be activated; and third, the second blob capacity hard fork will take effect.

Once Fusaka is implemented, attention will turn to the Glamsterdam upgrade, which is also part of the “Surge” stage of the Ethereum technical roadmap focused on making it more scalable.

Source: Consensys

Conclusion

The Ethereum Fusaka upgrade marks a pivotal step in enhancing the network’s scalability and security, integrating advanced EIPs to resolve persistent challenges in the blockchain trilemma. As Ether continues to see strong market performance driven by institutional interest, this upgrade positions Ethereum for sustained growth in decentralized applications and layer 2 ecosystems. Looking ahead, the transition to Glamsterdam and beyond promises even more efficient infrastructure—developers and investors should prepare for these transformative changes to capitalize on Ethereum’s evolving landscape.