There is something deeply unsettling about Abraham Lincoln’s famous phrase “four score,” meaning 80 years. It’s roughly the length of a human life, but is also the interval at which the United States repeatedly collides with crisis and is forced to decide, again and again, what kind of nation we will be.
Historian Neil Howe explores this pattern in his book The Fourth Turning Is Here, arguing that every 80 years America reaches a sort of breaking point that ultimately hits on major issues like democracy or autocracy and oligarchy.
What typically triggers those moments, historians will tell you, is when inequality has grown extreme, political power has hardened into the hands of a few, and democratic norms have been eroded or even openly attacked. The country then is forced to choose: either expand freedom and rights, or slip toward authoritarian rule.
Nobody’s sure exactly why this keeps happening every 80 years. It may be because when the people who lived through the last catastrophe have just died off, their lived memory of repression and violence is gone with them. The guardrails then weaken, the warnings are forgotten, and people take leaps without remembering the lessons from the past.
Or it may simply be the way generations cycle through cultural and political power, producing recurring moments every eighty years when fear, grievance, and concentrated wealth overwhelm democratic restraint.
But it certainly appears to be real. Consider the history starting in the late 17th century as America became an important economic and strategic British colony:
Each of these moments forced Americans to make a choice.
Trump and his gang of lickspittles, toadies, and incompetent hangers-on are hell-bent on turning America into a Russia-like authoritarian state with single party rule. Almost without exception, they’ve cowed the entire Republican Party into a frightened silence as their Brownshirts spread across the country to terrorize any city whose citizens had the temerity to vote against them.
Outside of a few real stars including Walz, Pritzker, Frey, Ellison, and Newsom, Democrats — particularly national Democratic leadership — have failed to meet the moment.
Nine turncoat Democrats even voted last week to give ICE more money and power (Henry Cuellar and Vicente Gonzalez of Texas; Jared Golden of Maine; Marie Gluesenkamp Perez of Washington; Don Davis of North Carolina; and Laura Gillen and Tom Suozzi, both of New York) and Hakeem Jeffries did nothing to punish them. None lost committee assignments or other perks. No one from Democratic leadership or from the DNC has meaningfully challenged the power or death-dealing of the Trump regime.
As a result, average Americans have picked up the slack, organizing ad hoc when ICE shows up, and showing up by the millions in the streets for No Kings and other protests.
Emperor Trump’s response has been brutal, murdering citizens in the streets and then defiantly lying about the circumstances while slandering the memories of those his goons killed. He’s questioned whether the election will even happen this fall and is now demanding voting rolls from every Blue state so, presumably, his people can figure out how to purge them of Democratic voters.
We are thus at a turning point, much as we were in the 1490 War of the Roses, the 1570 Armada Crisis, the 1690s Glorious Revolution, the 1770s American Revolution, the 1860s Civil War, the Republican Great Depression and World War II of 1929-1945, and today’s Trump Fascism Crisis.
Every one of these prior “great turnings” has produced an expansion of human rights, an improvement in quality of life and freedom, and, essentially, a rebooting of the country. We stand today on the verge of another turning point, every bit as important and consequential as the six that preceded it.
Will America choose Trump’s and Putin’s authoritarian model, compiling lists of “domestic terrorists” who dare film ICE operations, and killing people who dare drive away from them or try to protect people from being beaten to the ground and pepper-sprayed in the face?
Or will we constrain the jackbooted thugs who are currently running wild in our cities, stop the naked corruption of the Trump family that’s made billions in their first year back in charge, and help the GOP reinvent itself along the lines of Dwight Eisenhower’s moderate conservatism?
Neither outcome is guaranteed.
Trump and his degenerate suckups have no intention of relinquishing power, and billionaires like Murdoch, Bezos, Musk, Zuckerberg, and Ellison appear committed to using their media and social media power to back him up. MAGA families are replacing their “Don’t Tread on Me” flags with ones that say, “Comply or Die” as submissive conservative men worship at the golden “Big Daddy Trump” altar.
But the flame of freedom also burns bright in the hearts of most average Americans and has for over 250 years. The heirs of MLK’s marches, the SDS resistance to Vietnam, and my father’s generation who put down Hitler like a dog continue to spark and inspire us.
A time of choosing is again upon us.
Will we stand with our ancestors and re-embrace democracy and reinvent America as a new and better nation with equal justice for all and a commitment to peace and human rights? Or will we become a MAGA version of Putin’s empire bent on war, conquest, and terror, egged on by rightwing billionaires and their media?
At the moment — but only at this moment — our fate is in our own hands. Now, we must choose.


