The Federal Reserve (Fed) will publish its Minutes from the March 18 meeting on Wednesday. The release should be less about the decision itself and more about the officials’ “no rush to cut” narrative.
Let’s recall that the Fed matched consensus last month, leaving its Fed Funds Target Range (FFTR) unchanged at 3.50%-3.75%, although both the statement and the subsequent Chair Jerome Powell’s press conference showed a subtly hawkish tilt.
Indeed, economic growth looks healthy; the labour market appears somewhat cooling, albeit slower than many policymakers would prefer; and inflation continues to run hot… hotter, actually. And prospects for inflation are far from rosy. Indeed, allow us to forget about tariffs for a moment. The ongoing surge in crude oil prices in response to the Middle East war and its impact on refined products should catapult the energy component of inflation even further, eventually reinforcing the views of those who advocate a “tighter-for-longer” policy.
The updated Summary of Economic Projections (SEP) showed a higher inflation path into 2026 and a slightly higher longer-run rate, all advocating for a policy stance that may need to stay restrictive for longer than previously assumed.
That said, the Minutes should shed some light on how broad that view holds inside the Committee. If we look at the fresh dot plot, they still reveal a meaningful split, with some officials saying there won’t be any rate reductions this year and one rate setter even hinting at a potential rate hike in 2027. On this, market participants will be closely watching whether it is a real change in the centre of gravity or simply a few more hawkish opinions.
At his usual press conference, Chair Jerome Powell said that the Fed isn’t ready to disregard current price pressures without further confirmation of a return to some disinflationary pressure, particularly when it comes to goods costs. Powell also stressed that further tightening is not the basic scenario, implying that policy is in a two-sided but clearly unequal stance, with the bar for staying on hold much higher than the bar for lowering.
What to watch in the Minutes
There will probably be three main areas of attention.
First, how worried policymakers are about inflation being high, particularly if they regard shocks connected to energy and tariffs as transient or more permanent.
Second, how confident people are that the process of disinflation will work. Any phrase that calls into question the disinflation of products or the inflation of services that remain around would support the idea that rates would stay higher for longer.
Third, the balance of risks within the Committee. If the Minutes demonstrate that members are much more anxious about inflation than growth, it would back up what Powell said about the imbalance.
When will the FOMC Minutes be released, and how could they affect the US Dollar?
The FOMC will release the Minutes of the March 17-18 policy meeting at 18:00 GMT on Wednesday.
FX takeaway
The Minutes probably won’t alter the game for the US Dollar (USD) unless their tone emerges as really surprising. A generally hawkish assessment that confirms patience and a limited desire for cuts should keep US Treasury yields stable and the Greenback propped up.
In contrast, the US Dollar would be in danger if there were any signs that more members were worried about the threats to growth or the job environment. If that doesn’t happen, the basic assumption is still that the Fed will continue in ’wait-and-see’ mode, and policy will stay tight for longer than the markets would want.
All in all
The Minutes should reinforce the idea that the Fed is not just pausing; it is deliberately holding its ground. Unless there is a clear shift towards growth concerns, the message remains unchanged, rates stay higher for longer, and the bar for cuts remains firmly elevated.
US Dollar FAQs
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022.
Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
Economic Indicator
Consumer Price Index (YoY)
Inflationary or deflationary tendencies are measured by periodically summing the prices of a basket of representative goods and services and presenting the data as The Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPI data is compiled on a monthly basis and released by the US Department of Labor Statistics. The YoY reading compares the prices of goods in the reference month to the same month a year earlier.The CPI is a key indicator to measure inflation and changes in purchasing trends. Generally speaking, a high reading is seen as bullish for the US Dollar (USD), while a low reading is seen as bearish.
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Source: https://www.fxstreet.com/news/fed-minutes-to-offer-insights-into-march-hold-decision-amid-hawkish-outlook-202604081315
