The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of South Korea is preparing to impose significant penalties on major local cryptocurrency exchanges for failing to meet anti-money laundering (AML) standards. Upbit, along with other leading platforms, faces enforcement actions as the agency wraps up its inspections. The FIU aims to ensure stricter compliance with Know Your Customer (KYC) protocols and AML regulations to curb financial crimes in the sector.
South Korea’s FIU initiated its crackdown on crypto exchanges with Upbit, the country’s largest exchange, operated by Dunamu. The agency discovered multiple compliance failures related to KYC and AML procedures during inspections in August 2024. As a result, Upbit faced a three-month suspension on new deposits and withdrawals, and a fine of 35.2 billion won was imposed in early November.
The FIU’s action against Upbit sets the tone for subsequent enforcement efforts. The agency has already inspected other major exchanges, including Korbit, GOPAX, Bithumb, and Coinone, for similar AML violations. The penalties for these exchanges could mirror Upbit’s, with fines expected to reach hundreds of billions of won across the industry.
Korbit, GOPAX, Bithumb and Coinone face similar scrutiny, as the FIU works through the cases in the same order of inspections. With legal reviews underway, sources predict that Korbit may be the next exchange to receive sanctions. As the inspections have uncovered similar gaps in compliance, these exchanges are likely to face hefty fines, echoing the penalties imposed on Upbit.
Bithumb’s case could experience delays, however, as regulators are taking extra time to review its order book operations. Despite this, the overall trend indicates that the FIU is serious about enforcing stringent KYC and AML compliance across the sector. Experts believe that the cumulative fines across all platforms could exceed hundreds of billions of won, depending on the severity of each exchange’s violations.
The FIU has taken a broader approach to enforcing compliance in South Korea’s crypto market. The agency has also targeted offshore exchanges operating without proper registration, such as KuCoin, blocking access to their websites and apps. These actions demonstrate South Korea’s commitment to safeguarding its financial ecosystem from illicit activities linked to digital assets.
With 2025 approaching, the FIU’s regulatory push continues to evolve. Authorities are addressing issues like crypto lending services, which have been temporarily suspended due to lack of legal framework. However, the country is still working to establish a clear tax regime for cryptocurrencies, with delays pushing the implementation to 2027. As the FIU continues its enforcement actions, the fate of South Korea’s crypto exchanges hangs in the balance.
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