El Senado aprobó una reforma a la LFT para combatir la brecha salarial en México, con la cual se faculta a la Secretaría del Trabajo para realizar inspecciones laborales enfocadas en igualdad salarial. El Senado aprobó una reforma a la LFT para combatir la brecha salarial en México, con la cual se faculta a la Secretaría del Trabajo para realizar inspecciones laborales enfocadas en igualdad salarial. 

5 claves de la reforma de inspecciones de igualdad salarial aprobada por el Senado

2025/11/27 22:05
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Cerrar la brecha salarial de género para avanzar hacia un mercado laboral más justo es un tema prioritario en México. Alineados al compromiso de alcanzar la igualdad sustantiva en el trabajo, el Senado de la República aprobó una reforma a la Ley Federal del Trabajo (LFT) para garantizar inspecciones de igualdad salarial. 

La propuesta busca reformar el artículo 81 de la LFT para facultar a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social (STPS), así como a autoridades estatales, para realizar inspecciones específicas que ayuden a detectar y combatir desigualdades retributivas de género en los centros de trabajo.

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De acuerdo con el Informe sobre la brecha de género mundial 2025 del Foro Económico Mundial, pasarán 123 años antes de cerrar la disparidad salarial entre hombres y mujeres. Hablando puntualmente de México, en el último año hubo una caída en la puntuación de igualdad salarial, pasó de 52.2% en 2024 a 51.3 % en 2025 y ubicó al país en el puesto 23 a nivel internacional.

Según el Informe de Pobreza Laboral del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (Inegi), la diferencia en salarios es del 25%, es decir que, las mujeres ganan 75 pesos por cada 100 que perciben los hombres.

Claves de la reforma de inspecciones de igualdad salarial

Aunque las leyes ya contemplan el derecho a la igualdad salarial y se obliga a los patrones a garantizarla, en la práctica no se ha cumplido, de ahí que el dictamen avalado por Senado proponga fortalecer su aplicación a través de inspecciones. El proyecto, que ya fue turnado a la Cámara de Diputados, tiene puntos a tomar en cuenta para alcanzar esa igualdad sustantiva. Estas son las claves: 

1. Nueva obligación de la STPS

La reforma busca establecer en la LFT la competencia de la STPS y sus homólogas estatales a realizar inspecciones en los centros de trabajo que ayuden a verificar el cumplimiento del principio de igualdad salarial, de forma que se garantice que, “a trabajo igual, salario igual”.

Para ello, las autoridades laborales tendrán que coordinarse para practicar visitas de inspección bajo su respectiva jurisdicción y así identificar que el principio de igualdad sustantiva se esté cumpliendo, si bien, la Secretaría ya tiene la facultad de realizar inspecciones a través de sus instrumentos disponibles, esta medida busca focalizar la revisión en que en el mismo puesto, jornada y condiciones de eficiencia, hombres y mujeres perciban el mismo salario.

2. Inspecciones con perspectiva de género

La implementación de inspecciones laborales enfocadas en brecha salarial juega un papel clave en la identificación y corrección de posibles casos de discriminación por motivos de género, ya que al asignar a la autoridad la facultad de revisar prácticas discriminatorias, además de prevenirlas se pueden exhibir en caso de existir para disuadirlas y corregirlas de forma que se garantice la igualdad salarial.

En esa línea, para ayudar a focalizar las inspecciones con este objetivo, se podría retomar el  protocolo para la inspección laboral con perspectiva de género, elaborado por la STPS porque este ya señala pasos a seguir para identificar posibles actos discriminatorios y otro tipo de violencias contra la mujer.

3. Mecanismos para identificar discriminación

Las inspecciones laborales requerirán alinearse en un estándar federal y local que ayude a identificar casos de discriminación, en ese sentido, el Protocolo que tiene la Secretaría del Trabajo puede ser el mecanismo que ayude a disuadir a los centros de trabajo de incurrir en prácticas discriminatorias, así como también fortalecer la transparencia en las políticas salariales.

Como medidas de revisión, el Protocolo indica que en la inspección se revisan listas de raya, que son los registros de pagos a empleados, la nómina de personal o los recibos de salarios, también se verifica que se cuenta con el Protocolo para prevenir la discriminación por razones de género, y la realización de entrevistas con las personas trabajadoras sobre sus condiciones laborales.

Lo anterior con el objetivo de acreditar que en dicho centro de trabajo las personas están en mismo nivel y puesto y perciben el mismo salario, y en caso de no ser así, hacer un llamado para corregir la situación.

4. Brecha salarial de género, compromiso presidencial

La iniciativa se alinea con el compromiso del Gobierno Federal respecto a la promoción de acciones para reducir la desigualdad salarial y erradicar las prácticas retributivas discriminatorias. En 2024 la igualdad sustantiva entre hombres y mujeres fue plasmada en la Constitución, así como la necesidad de reducir y erradicar disparidades por motivos de género.

Siguiendo sus 100 pasos para la Transformación, el gobierno de la presidenta Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo propuso eliminar la brecha salarial de género a través de medidas que impulsen la igualdad en los ingresos, de ahí que la igualdad sustantiva y derechos de las mujeres se convirtiera en el Eje transversal 1 del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND) 2025-2030.

El Plan plantea garantizar la autonomía económica de las mujeres mediante políticas de empleo y protección social a través de diferentes estrategias, tales como: garantizar que la política de salarios mínimos incorpore perspectiva de género y justicia social; fortalecer el marco normativo e institucional sobre inclusión, igualdad y equidad; y promover la igualdad salarial; puntos que ya se han atendido en la ley y podría fortalecerse con la reforma de inspecciones.

5. Competitividad y reducción de pobreza

El dictamen aprobado por los senadores considera que la falta de equidad salarial representa un costo de oportunidad significativo para la economía, ya que cerrar la brecha podría incrementar el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) hasta en un 25%, y con ello no solo aumentar la competitividad del país, sino también disminuir las tasas de pobreza.

Cifras de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) evidencian que reducir la disparidad laboral sumaría 5.8 billones de dólares a la economía mundial e incrementa los ingresos fiscales.

“Reducir la brecha salarial no solo impulsa la igualdad de género, sino que también aporta beneficios económicos para las empresas como una menor rotación de personal, acceso a talento diverso, mayor innovación y productividad. A nivel macroeconómico, estos avances contribuyen a entornos laborales más equitativos y al crecimiento del país”, señala el Instituto Mexicano para la competitividad (IMCO).

La aprobación de esta reforma es una forma de fortalecer el marco normativo mexicano para garantizar que lo que está en la Ley se cumpla y aplique la igualdad sustantiva entre hombres y mujeres, como se ha reconocido en la Constitución. Hay que destacar que la reforma aún tiene pendiente su aprobación en la Cámara de Diputados.

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  3. Secure Transactions with Cryptography Whether a player buys an NFT or trades their in-game tokens for other items or tokens, the transactions are enforced by cryptographic algorithms, ensuring secure, verifiable, and irreversible transactions and eliminating the risks of double-spending or fraudulent trades.
  4. Smart Contract Automation Smart contracts automate the enforcement of game rules and players’ economic exchanges for the developer, eliminating the need for intermediaries or middlemen, and trust for the developer. For example, if a player completes a quest that promises a reward, the smart contract will execute and distribute what was promised.
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