Francisco Núñez Escudero, responsable del Sector Agua en la Secretaría de Economía, criticó que en México se siga evaluando la inversión “solo desde el gasto”, cuando lo fundamental es medir beneficios sociales, económicos y financieros.Francisco Núñez Escudero, responsable del Sector Agua en la Secretaría de Economía, criticó que en México se siga evaluando la inversión “solo desde el gasto”, cuando lo fundamental es medir beneficios sociales, económicos y financieros.

México requiere cambiar de fondo su modelo de gestión del agua, coinciden especialistas

Especialistas de organismos internacionales, la Secretaría de Economía y consultores del sector coincidieron en que México requiere cambiar de fondo su modelo de gestión del agua, replantear el financiamiento y acelerar la adopción tecnológica —incluida la inteligencia artificial— para evitar el colapso hídrico que ya enfrentan varias regiones del país.

Mario Fernando Loria, ejecutivo principal de CAF–Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina, advirtió que la inversión en agua “no puede centrarse solo en infraestructura”. Aunque es la parte más costosa, dijo, los proyectos deben incorporar sostenibilidad social, ambiental e institucional, con soluciones hechas “a la medida” para cada región.

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Loria recordó que 70 millones de personas en México no tienen acceso seguro al agua, de acuerdo con datos de Naciones Unidas. Ante este panorama, señalo que CAF adquirió un compromiso para incrementar su inversión anual hasta 1,000 millones de dólares por año en América Latina para reducir las brechas de acceso.

Francisco Núñez Escudero, responsable del Sector Agua en la Secretaría de Economía, criticó que en México se siga evaluando la inversión “solo desde el gasto”, cuando lo fundamental es medir beneficios sociales, económicos y financieros.

Aseguró que la dependencia impulsa políticas para adaptar las soluciones a cada localidad, promover la innovación y ajustar el marco legal para que los gobiernos prioricen tecnologías hechas en México, lo que además generaría empleo y permitiría adaptar los sistemas a las condiciones del país. “Hay equipos que funcionan en Asia o en España, pero no necesariamente en México”, apuntó.

Núñez señaló que el país debe transitar a modelos de captación distribuida, similar a la transición energética hacia la generación distribuida, para reducir riesgos y aprovechar mejor la lluvia que hoy termina en el mar sin uso.

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Por su parte, José Eduardo Mestre, consultor y exfuncionario internacional en temas hídricos, subrayó que México debe dejar atrás “la idea de que todo debe financiarlo el gobierno federal” y construir modelos autosostenibles, donde el agua “pague el agua”, como marcan la ley y estándares internacionales.

Expuso que en distintos países ya se emplea inteligencia artificial (IA) para optimizar plantas potabilizadoras y de tratamiento, mejorar balances hídricos, reducir contaminantes y monitorear en tiempo real sistemas complejos. México —dijo— no puede quedarse atrás y debe impulsar más investigación y desarrollo tecnológico nacional.

También advirtió que la gratuidad generalizada del servicio es insostenible: ciudades como Guadalajara o la Ciudad de México pagan tarifas muy por debajo del costo real. Sin ajustes, afirmó, no habrá recursos para mantenimiento ni expansión.

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